Boston, MA OUI Defense Lawyer

Facing an OUI Charge in Boston? Here's What You Need to Know.

An OUI arrest brings a flood of questions, and most of them cannot wait. Boston Police bring cases to all eight divisions, and so do State Police, Transit Police, and the troopers who patrol the tunnels and the airport roads.

Below are honest answers to the questions we hear most from people arrested in Boston, but nothing here is a substitute for talking to a lawyer about your specific case, tonight if you need to.

Which Division Will My Case Go To?

Boston Municipal Court is one court with eight divisions, and which one hears your case depends on where the stop happened. Each division has its own clerk's office, its own probation department, and its own way of running a session. The same charge does not move through Central the way it moves through Dorchester, and knowing that in advance is part of the job.

Central, at the Edward W. Brooke Courthouse, 24 New Chardon Street: downtown, Chinatown, the North End, the South End through Massachusetts Avenue, the West End, and Beacon Hill.

Brighton, 52 Academy Hill Road: Allston and Brighton.

Charlestown, 3 City Square: Charlestown.

Dorchester, 510 Washington Street: Dorchester.

East Boston, 37 Meridian Street: East Boston, Winthrop, Logan Airport, and the Sumner and Callahan tunnels.

Roxbury, 85 Warren Street: Roxbury.

South Boston, 535 East Broadway: South Boston.

West Roxbury, 445 Arborway in Jamaica Plain: West Roxbury, Jamaica Plain, Roslindale, Hyde Park, and parts of Mattapan and Mission Hill.

One note, because a number of websites still get this wrong. The Brighton Division spent almost two years sitting at Brookline District Court while its courthouse was renovated. It moved back to Academy Hill Road in 2021. If you are reading somewhere that Brighton sits in Brookline, that page is out of date.

We have appeared in every one of these divisions.

Who Gets Charged With OUI in Boston?

Just about everyone, is the honest answer. This is a city of students and young professionals, of people who work nights and drive home at two in the morning, of visitors in rental cars, of people leaving a game, and of people who have lived in the same neighborhood their whole lives. An OUI charge does not sort by who you are.

What differs is what the charge threatens. A student can face a university disciplinary process that runs on its own schedule and does not wait for the court. Someone holding a professional license may have reporting obligations attached to it. A commercial driver faces consequences that do not track the criminal case at all. Someone visiting from out of state has to work out what a Massachusetts case does to a license issued somewhere else.

We ask about all of that in the first conversation, because the right result in court is the one that protects what actually matters in your life.

What Does the Commonwealth Have to Prove?

To convict you of OUI in Massachusetts, the prosecution must prove three things beyond a reasonable doubt, and each one can be contested:

• Operation of a motor vehicle. This does not require the car to be moving. Massachusetts courts have ruled that a person sitting in a parked car with the engine running was legally "operating" it, because operation is defined broadly as manipulating any part of the vehicle that could set it in motion, not just actively driving down the road.

• On a public way, or somewhere the public has access, such as a parking lot. Whether a specific location legally counts as a public way is often disputed and can be challenged.

• Under the influence of alcohol or drugs. This is a matter of degree, not a fixed line, and field sobriety tests and breath tests are imperfect tools for measuring it. This is exactly where a strong defense can make the difference.

Did You Take a Breath Test, Or Refuse One?

If you took the test and failed: In Massachusetts, the legal limit is a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 0.08 percent for drivers 21 and over (0.02 percent if you're under 21). A test result over the limit does not end the case. Both the reliability of the machine and what your BAC actually was at the time you were driving, rather than at the station an hour later, can be challenged. We set out those specific defenses further down this page.

If you refused the test: Massachusetts is an implied consent state, meaning refusing a breath test triggers its own automatic license suspension through the Registry of Motor Vehicles, separate from the criminal case itself. Importantly, that refusal cannot be used as evidence against you at a criminal trial.

The RMV test-refusal suspension and the criminal case run on two different tracks, and winning the criminal case does not automatically lift an RMV suspension. We handle both.

Did the Police Conduct Field Sobriety Tests?

Field sobriety tests, the walk and turn, one leg stand, and similar exercises, are meant to give an officer probable cause for arrest. They are also highly subjective, frequently performed incorrectly, and often conducted under conditions (weather, footwear, lighting, medical issues) that make them unreliable. Unlike a breath test, declining field sobriety tests does not trigger an automatic RMV license suspension, a distinction worth understanding right after an arrest. Whether these tests were administered properly, and whether the results should ever reach a jury, is one of the first things we examine in every OUI case.

What Happens to My License?

License consequences depend on whether you're convicted, whether you refused testing, and how many prior OUIs you have.

Refusing the breath test triggers its own RMV suspension regardless of the outcome of the criminal case: 180 days for a first refusal, three years for a second, five years for a third, and a lifetime suspension for a fourth or subsequent refusal. This runs separately from, and typically before, any suspension that follows a conviction.

Suspension length and hardship eligibility scale with how many prior OUIs you have. See our full first offense and multiple offense breakdowns for exact fines and jail exposure.

What Are the Penalties for OUI in Massachusetts?

Penalties increase sharply with each subsequent offense, and Massachusetts uses a lifetime lookback, which means a prior OUI conviction from decades ago still counts. Below are the statutory penalties Massachusetts law provides upon conviction at each offense level, along with the outcome most people in that situation actually see in practice.

First Offense: most people never serve jail time.

• Statutory maximum: a fine of $500 to $5,000 and up to 2.5 years in the house of correction

• Most common outcome, the 24D program: a continuance without a finding, 1 to 2 years of probation, a 45 to 90 day license suspension with immediate hardship eligibility, and an alcohol education program. Completed successfully, no conviction appears on your record.

• If convicted outside the 24D program: a 1-year license suspension, with hardship available after 3 months

Second Offense: most people receive a suspended sentence rather than jail.

• Most common outcome: 2 years of probation, conditioned on a 14-day residential alcohol treatment program and outpatient aftercare, avoiding committed jail time

• Statutory range: a fine of $600 to $10,000 and 60 days to 2.5 years in the house of correction, with a mandatory minimum of 30 days if the court does impose committed jail time

• License: a 2-year suspension, with hardship available after 1 year, and a required ignition interlock device for 2 years beyond reinstatement

Third Offense (a felony): a real mandatory minimum applies.

• Fine of $1,000 to $15,000

• 180 days to 2.5 years in the house of correction, or 2.5 to 5 years in state prison, with a mandatory minimum of 150 days that cannot be suspended

• License: an 8-year suspension, with restricted work or school hardship available after 2 years, general hardship after 4 years, and a required ignition interlock device

Fourth Offense (a felony): no alternative disposition is available.

• Fine of $1,500 to $25,000

• Mandatory minimum of 1 year, up to 5 years in state prison

• License: a 10-year suspension

Fifth and Subsequent Offense (a felony):

• Fine of $2,000 to $50,000

• Mandatory minimum of 2 years, up to 5 years in state prison

• License: a lifetime suspension, with no hardship license available

A conviction also carries collateral consequences beyond the courtroom:

• It cannot be expunged from your record

• It can raise your auto insurance rates substantially

• It can affect professional licenses, immigration status, and jobs that require driving

Could This Become a Felony?

A first OUI is typically a misdemeanor, but certain factors raise the stakes considerably. If there was a minor passenger in the vehicle, if the incident caused an accident with injury, or if you have prior OUI convictions, the charge can carry felony-level exposure and more serious mandatory minimums upon conviction. In felony-level cases, you could be indicted, and the case would then be heard at Suffolk Superior Court. Whether any of these factors apply to your case is one of the first things we assess.

What Defenses Might Apply to My Case?

OUI cases are more defensible than most people realize. The Commonwealth must prove every element beyond a reasonable doubt, and the evidence against you, the stop, the tests, the breath test machine, is often weaker than it first appears. Depending on the facts of your arrest, some of the following may apply to your case.

• The initial stop: Police need a constitutionally valid reason, reasonable suspicion of a traffic violation or crime, before pulling you over. A stop based on a hunch, an uncorroborated tip, or a violation the officer cannot articulate can be challenged through a motion to suppress, which can result in the evidence that followed being thrown out entirely.

• Breath test procedure and maintenance: A breath test result is not automatically reliable. We examine whether the required observation period was followed without interruption, whether the two required samples fell within the allowed variance, and whether the specific machine's calibration and maintenance records were properly kept and disclosed. Gaps or irregularities in any of these areas can be the basis for excluding the result altogether.

• Cross examination of the officer on the roadside tests: An officer's scoring of these exercises is an opinion, not a measurement. We are often successful drawing out how the tests were actually administered, what was and was not written down at the time, and why performance on a roadside balance exercise says little about whether someone could drive safely.

• Rising BAC: Alcohol continues to absorb into the bloodstream after drinking stops. A BAC measured at the police station, sometimes an hour or more after the stop, can be higher than it was at the time you were actually driving.

• Innocent explanations for what the officer observed: Fatigue, allergies, a medical condition, footwear, weather, or the terrain of the stop location can all produce the same signs an officer attributes to impairment. Video from the stop and the booking area often tells a different story than the police report.

Every case is different, and which of these defenses fits your situation depends on the specific facts of your arrest. Call (978) 969-2890 to discuss your case and your options.

Will This Show Up on My Record Forever?

Not necessarily. Depending on the outcome of your case, you may have options for a continuance without a finding, record sealing down the road, or other resolutions that limit the long term impact on your job, your license, and your future. Our case analyst specializes in record sealing work, and we build that conversation into your case from day one, not as an afterthought.

What Happens on My First Court Date?

The first court date is the arraignment. It is short, it is mostly procedural, and it is not the day anyone decides whether you are guilty.

The clerk reads the charge, a not guilty plea is entered, and the judge sets the conditions you have to follow while the case is open and gives you a next date. In most first offense OUI cases, people go home the same morning. If you were released after your arrest and told to come back, this is the date you were given.

Come early, dress the way you would for work, and bring the paperwork you were handed at the police station. If you have a lawyer by then, your lawyer does the talking. If you do not, you can ask the court for time to find one.

Will a Judge or a Jury Decide My Case?

If your case goes to trial, you have the right to a jury, and you also have the right to give that up and have a judge decide alone. That choice belongs to you, and it is one of the real decisions you will make in your case.

A jury here is six people drawn from the communities this court serves. A jury is often the better audience when the defense turns on how the stop actually looked, how the roadside tests were scored, or whether an officer's account holds together under cross examination. We have tried a great many of these cases, and that experience is most of what goes into the recommendation.

A judge sitting without a jury, which lawyers call a bench trial, can be the better choice when the case turns on a narrow legal question rather than on whose account a room full of people believes. We work through this with you once we have the discovery and any video, because the right answer depends on your facts and on the courtroom. Then you decide.

Why Boston Municipal Court Clients Choose Us

Over 30 years defending Massachusetts OUI cases, from first offenses to repeat charges with serious mandatory penalties

We have practiced in every division of the Boston Municipal Court, and we have tried a great many OUI cases

24/7 phone answering. If you're arrested at 2 a.m., you can reach us at 2 a.m.

Free consultation for anyone facing an actual charge. This is where we get to know your situation and you get to know us, no pressure, no obligation

A comprehensive approach that treats you as a whole person, not just a case number, because that's what actually helps people rebuild after an arrest

Learn more about why we're the right choice and see our case results, including OUI cases we've defended.